MANET Routing Protocol

MANET network is a collection of mobile devices which form a communication network. In MANET, nodes do not know the topology of their network instead, they have to discover it on their own as the topology in the ad-hoc network is dynamic topology. The basic rule is that a new node whenever enters into an ad-hoc network must announce its arrival and presence and should also listen to similar announcement broadcasts made by other mobile nodes. There are multiple types of routing protocols designed for MANETs. There are four basic MANET protocols’ presents an investigation performance, namely the Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance (AOMDV). MANET protocols are evaluated using three difference performance metrics: average end-to-end, throughput and packet delivery ratio. Simulations of Mobile Ad-Hoc is conducted to analyze the behavior of these protocols with different node mobility and node speed. The results, it is indicated that different protocols performs better than the other on different performance metrics, Average end-to-end metric, AODV is shown as the best performer even with the increment of s speed. All these protocols meanwhile show similar performance when node speed is increased for the throughput performance metric. The final metric, it is shown that AOMDV returns the highest packet delivery ratio.

Mobile Ad Hoc network (MANET) is an infrastructure-less system that has no central server or specialized hardware and fixed routers. Each device plays the role of an independent router and generates independent data as it functions in a dispersed peer-to-peer style. MANET can be operated as a stand-alone network or connected to the internet via a cellular network. This brings different possibilities towards employing Mobile Ad-Hoc technology. In addition, Mobile Ad-hoc is a Multi-Hop Routing as it does not need a router to operate. There are two basic types of ad hoc routing which are single-hop and multi-hop routing. Single-hop is simpler than multi-hop as it is low cost, simple structure and easy to implement. Every node plays the role of different kinds of router and forward packets for information distribution among portable hosts.

Previous research shown that MANET are independent from the central network administration as its network is self-configured. Furthermore, Mobile Ad-hoc network does not depend on other networking devices such as servers, switches or even router. This therefore reduce the number of devices used as the nodes themselves can act as routers.

Mobile Ad-hoc network is a technology that allows easier communication due to its dynamic topologies. Nodes in Mobile Ad-hoc network are free to move randomly anywhere in the network. Due to the arbitrary movement of nodes, the network topography changes regularly and randomly. The Nodes are also free to move with different momentum and speed on unpredictable time. Therefore, it is imperative to know which routing protocols can be employed to provide the best all round performance when connecting multiple nodes in MANET. The performance of four different MANET routing protocols namely the Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV), Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), and Ad Hoc On-Demand Multipath Distance (AOMDV) are assessed for comparison.

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